What role does the judicial branch play in the separation of powers?

The judicial branch plays a crucial role in the separation of powers by exercising judicial review. This process allows the judiciary to evaluate the constitutionality of legislative acts and executive decisions. By having the authority to interpret the law, the judicial branch ensures that laws enacted by the legislature align with the Constitution. This serves as a check on both the legislative and executive branches, preventing either from overstepping their constitutional boundaries.

Judicial review reinforces the principle of checks and balances by giving the courts the ability to nullify government actions that violate constitutional principles, thereby safeguarding the rights of individuals and maintaining the rule of law. This function is vital in upholding the separation of powers, as it empowers the judiciary to act independently and ensures that all branches of government operate within their designated powers.